【英語教室】19. 關係代名詞 - Who翻譯社 Whose, Which, That
【英語教室】開張以來，只剩二個重要的文法觀念遲遲未講授：關係代名詞 (Relative Pronouns)、假設法翻譯當然還有良多細瑣的觀念，但若是確切掌控了【英語教室】的所有單位，已可以讀懂絕大多數的句型了翻譯（固然，背單字就要靠列位自行努力了）句一為限制用法，默示，我有許多兄弟，但只有一個住台北。
The boy that is running is my brother.
【小練習】翻譯：
根據前述，that 之前不成以有逗號或介系詞，是以，句一的 who 可以用 that 替換，但句二則不可。
相幹單位：《關係代名詞進階應用》、《關係副詞 - When, Where翻譯社 Why, How, What》
【解答】The person who you saw (met) this morning is my mother.
【實習】填入 who翻譯社 whose 或 which，並視情況可否用 that 替代。
The girl's hair is curly(捲髮).
IV. 限定用法
The man sold you a camera yesterday.
【小操演】翻譯：他住的房子是大房子。
The girl is my sister.
1. The computer _______ he bought last week was very cheap.
2. The waiter _______ served our table was very friendly.
3. The man _______ hair is brown saved the child.
4. The chair on _______ I was sitting was broken.
5. _______ are you speaking to?
6. This is the book _______ I told about you last Sunday.
7. Is that the lady _______ car is new and expensive?
8. He wears a hat _______ is too big for him.
9. The boy _______ came to the store this morning did not say a word.
10. She is going to the club _______ members are bankers.
例句：
who(that) 取代了 the man，who sold you a camera yesterday 整句在潤飾 the man。
上句中的 "who"，取代了前面呈現的 "the boy"，而 who is running 在潤色 the boy。又因 who 可用 that 替換，是以也可寫成：
【小練習】翻譯：我喜好的狗，耳朵是長的。
釀成：The pen which I am writing with is red.
是以，上面的解答，可以變成：The person you saw this morning is my mother.
The pen is red.
【解答】The house which he lives in is big.
I am writing with the pen.
【解答】I like the dogs whose ears are long.
合併為：The girl whose hair is curly is my sister.
1. I have a brother who lives in Taipei.
2. I have a brother, who lives in Taipei.
兩個句子，用關代保持，可成為：The boy who is running is my brother.
可改成：The man who sold you a camera yesterday is my boss.
（who 為 saw 的受詞，你今早看到的人）
This is the most difficult question that students can hardly understand.
用 that 替代，則成為：The pen that I am writing with is red.
【解答】可以。因為是 lives in 的受詞，因此全句可改成：The house he lives in is big.
III. Whose 的用法：代替所有格
句二暗示，我只有一個兄弟，且這個兄弟住台北，也就是，增補說法的意思。
The boy is my brother.
例：This is the best book that I have ever read.
例句：
※注重一：當關代為受詞時，可以省略。
The boy is running.
1. which / that / 或省略
2. who / that
3. whose
4. which
5. Who
6. which / that / 或省略
7. whose
8. which / that
9. who / that
10. whose
※注重！假如關代前面是用第一流形容時，只能用 that，不克不及用 who 或 which。
※注重二：who 當受詞時，可以用 whom 替換翻譯
I. Who 的用法：取代先前出現過的 "人"
【解答】
II. Which 的用法：取代先前泛起過的 "事物"
The man is my boss.
【變形】上面的解答，還可以把介系詞 in 移到關代之前，釀成：The house in which he lives is big. 但是，將介系詞移到關代之前時，關代就不可以省略，也不克不及換成 that翻譯
【問題】上句的 which，可弗成以省略？
然而，這裡的關代是 writing with 的受詞（華碩翻譯公司正在用來寫字的筆），可以省略，因此可以變成：The pen I am writing with is red.
又例如：
關係代名詞（簡稱關代），也就是代名詞的一種，取代了先前泛起的人事物，同時，具有連接詞的功能，將數個短的句子，連接成一個長句。Who 用來取代人、which 則取代事或物，而 that 可與 who / which 替代。可是，that 之前不可以有逗號或介系詞。至於 whose，則為所有格。以下劃分申明翻譯
先來比較這兩個句子：
因此，上句也可改寫成：The person whom you saw this morning is my mother.
來自: http://blog.sina.com.tw/missrich/article.php?entryid=581717有關各國語文翻譯公證的問題歡迎諮詢華碩翻譯公司02-23690932
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